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Goal: Discuss the mechanism by which the kidney integrates signals from other body systems to control extracellular fluid volume and osmolality.

Objectives:

Describe the mechanisms by which sodium and water input and output are controlled.
Outline the neurological and endocrine effects on sodium and water homeostasis.
Compare and contrast the mechanisms for sodium, chloride and water transport in the proximal tubule, the thick ascending limb and the collecting duct.

Lori Candela EdD, RN

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