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Goal: Recognize the risk for the development of flash pulmonary edema in patients with chronic kidney disease and ESRD.

Objectives:

Identify the causes of flash pulmonary edema that may occur in conjunction with chronic kidney disease and ESRD.
Recognize signs and symptoms of flash pulmonary edema.
Describe nursing measures that may avert development of flash pulmonary edema in individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Note: The authors reported no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this article.

Barry M. Wall MD

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