Contact hours available until 4/16/2016.

Requirements for Successful Completion:
Complete the learning activity in its entirety and complete the online CNE evaluation.

Speaker, Faculty, Planners and Authors Conflict of Interest Disclosure:
Speaker(s) have no disclosures to declare.

Planning Committee:
• Annette Hood discloses that she is a member of the Amgen speakers’ bureau.
• Denise Murcek discloses other financial/material support as an employee of the VA Medical Center.
• Elizabeth St. John discloses other financial/material support as an employee of Fresenius Medical Care.
• Kyra Trappett discloses other financial/material support as an employee of DaVita.

Commercial Support and Sponsorship:
No commercial support or sponsorship declared.

Accreditation Statement:
American Nephrology Nurses’ Association is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation.

ANNA is a provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, provider number CEP 00910.

Objectives:
• Review the historical origins of sugar in development of man and civilization.
• Discuss the direct experimental evidence regarding sugar consumption and development of obesity.
• Discuss the pathogenesis of sugar in the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
• Relate level of sugar consumption to increases in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
• Identify the implications of sugar in chronic kidney disease.

Kimber Stanhope PhD, RD

Appearances