Contact hours available until 5/1/2026.

Requirements for Successful Completion:
Complete the learning activity in its entirety and complete the online CNE evaluation. You will be able to print your CNE certificate at any time after you complete the evaluation.

Conflict of Interest Disclosure:

Editors
• Glenda M. Payne, MS, RN, CNN, is the owner of an accreditation organization with deemed status for ESRD.
• Lucy Todd, MSN, ACNP, CNN, is an employee of Baxter Healthcare.

Reviewers
• Rhonda Campbell Duggan, BSN, RN, CCTC, is an employee at Fresenius Medical Care Renal Therapies Group and is a consultant and/or member of the Speaker’s Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals.
• Elizabeth C. Evans, MSN, RN, CNP, DNP, is on the Advisory Board for Abbvie Hepatitis C.
• Donna Painter, MS, RN, CNN, is an employee of Fresenius Kidney Care.
• Tanya D. Scott, BSN, RN, CNN, is an employee of Fresenius Kidney Care.
• Cynthia Smith, DNP, APRN, CNN-Np, FNP-BC, FNKF, is a consultant for Abbvie, Sanofi Genzyme, and Vifor, a consultant and/or member of the Speakers Bureau for Abbvie, Sanofi Genzyme, Relypsa/Vifor.
• Teresa R. Villaran, MSN, MS, CCRN, CNN, CNE, is an employee of Fresenius Medical Care.

Authors
• Karen Burwell, BSN, RN, CNN is an employee of DaVita, Hospital Services Group.
• Sheila Deziel, MSN, RN, CNN, FNKF is an employee of Fresenius, manufacturers of Hemodialysis machines.
• Elizabeth St. John, MSN, RN, CNN is an employee of Fresenius Medical Care.
• Vernon S. Taaffe, CBNT, CDWS is the President and CEO of RPC, manufacturer of products for use in dialysis.

There are no other disclosures to declare.

Commercial Support and Sponsorship:
No commercial support or sponsorship declared.

Accreditation Statement:
American Nephrology Nurses Association – Provider is accredited with distinction as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation.

ANNA is a provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, provider number CEP 00910.

These CNE offerings meet the continuing nursing education requirements for certification and recertification by the Nephrology Nursing Certification Commission (NNCC).

Learning Outcome:
After reading this chapter, the learner will state an increased ability to discuss the principles of hemodialysis, water treatment, and the associated potential complications as components of the nursing care provided to patients dependent upon this modality.

Credits